Apparatus for measuring röntgen rays.



K. BANGERT. APPARATUS FOR MEASURING R'oNTGEN RAYs.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9.1914.

1,181,123. Patented 113512,1916.

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KARL BANGERT, 0F BERLIN-CHARLUTTENBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO SIEMENS & HALSKE A.G., 0F SIEMENSSTADT, NEAR BERLIN, GERMANY, A CORPORATION 0F GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR MEASURJNG RNTGEN RAYS.

Specification of iLetters Patent.

Patented May 2, 11916.

Application led June 9, 1914. Serial o. 844,104.

a current source and certain vconnectionsherebetween, whereby according to the connections, said instrument will be made to indicate the hardness and dose of the Rntgen. rays which are acting upon said casing and said plates.

The instrument according to my present invention is opera-ted upon the ionization principle, that is to say, its construction is based on that of theso-called ionometer.

In the drawing Figure l shows a practical construction of my present measuring instrument and Fig. 2 is a diagram indicating the electrical connections for the same.

A casing g contains an electroscope e and is immediately united with a box 7c in which a battery B is placed. The reversing switch u is mounted upon the casing c and may be thrown into two positions which are designated by the legends hardness and dose. Also a push-button d is provided at the upper part of the box la. A .metal hose s carries at one of its ends a chamber b which during measuring is exposed to the Rntgen rays to be tested. At the other end this metal hose is iXed upon the casing g containing the electroscope e. "Iwo plates p and f] which are insulatedvfrom one another are mounted within the chamber ,7c and connected over conductors c, and c2 running through the hose s with the reversing switch u and the electroscope c. Finally the casing of the chamber b is connected over the metal hose s and the casings g and c of the instruments with the ground, as indicated by the wiring diagram of Fig. 2.

As can be seen romthe diagram of Fig. 2 for measuring the hardness of the rays the switch u is thrown into the left position designated by the legend hardness. In this position 'the one plate g is brought upon the potential of the battery B, while the casing of the chamber b is in connection with the ground and the plate with the electroscope e. According to the hardness of the Rntgen rays entering into the chamber b through the window therein the metal plate p will be permeated in a different degree and therewith the electroscope e will be caused to deflect according to the hardness of the rays at a time acting upon the plates p and g, the deflection of the electroscope e being indicated at the scale sc.

As long as the Rntgen rays do not pass through the chamber, the plate p assumes a definite potential which lies between the potential of the platev g and that of the housing. lf now the rays pass through the chamber, the air in the forward half of the chamber, that is to say, the space between the housing and plate p is ionized by the rays. The same is true `in a lesser degree Vas tothe rear half of the chamber, that is diate potential of the space separatingthe plates p varies. rThis potential is a measure for the hardness of the radiation.

In order to measure the dose of the Rntgen rays, the switch u is merely thrown into the position designated with dose, that is to the right side position, whereby the plate q and the casing of the ray cham-` ber is brought to the earths potential, while the electroscope e is connected to the plate By pressing the push button d a charge will be imparted to the electroscope and the plate p connected therewith. After said push button is opened the charge imparted to the plate p will decrease under the conducting iniiuence of the Rntgen rays. This decreasing corresponds to the quantity and to the hardness of the rays and indicates thus the value of the dose of the rays on a properly graduated scale.

Having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States 1. Apparatus Jfor measuring Rntgen rays, comprising a casing, an electric current source, an indicating instrument, and

a pole changing over switch, all these parts arranged in said casing, an ionization chamber connected to the casing, a plurality of conducting means insulated from each other and arranged in said chamber, and conductors connecting the insulated means of the ionization chamber with the changing over switch, the electric current source and the indicating instrument.

2. Apparatus for measuring Rntgen rays, comprising a casing, an electric current source, an indicating instrument, and a pole changing over switch, all these parts arranged in said casing, an ionization chamber connected to the casing, a plurality of conducting means insulated from each other and arranged in said chamber, and conductors connecting one of the insulated means in the ionization chamber to one pole of the source of current, another means to the indicating instrument and a third means with the pole changing over switch.

3. Apparatus for measuring Rntgen rays, comprising a pair of conducting plates insulated .from each other, an ionization chamber insulated from said plates and surrounding the same, a permanent groundconnection for said chamber, an electric indicating device permanently connected to one of said plates, an electric current source, and switching means for establishing at will a circuit over said other plate, said current source and said chamber, or acircuit over said secondv plate, said chamber and ground and for temporarily also establishing a circuit over said rst plate and said current source.

4. Apparatus for measuring Rntgen rays, comprising an ionization chamber containing two insulated plates, a current source having one of its poles permanently connected to ground, a ground connection for the 4one of said yplates which is positioned away from the source of the rays to be tested, an indicating instrument permanently connected to the other of said plates and switching means for temporarily connecting said latter plate with the other pole of said current source.

5. Apparatus for measuring Rntgen rays, comprising a casing, an electric current source, an indicating instrument, a pole changing over switch, and a single pole switch, all these parts arranged in said casing, an ionization chamber conductively connected by a flexible hose to the casing, a pair of conducting plates arranged in said ionization chamber and insulated from each other and from the chamber, kconductors connectin the insulated plates of the ionization cham er with both the switching means, the electric current source and the indicating instrument, and a ground connection for one pole of the current source and for the casing.

6. Apparatus for measuring Rntgen rays, comprising a casing, an electric current source, an indicating instrument, a pole changing over switch, and a single pole switch, all these parts arranged in said casing, an ionization chamber connected to the casing, a plurality of conducting means insulated from each other and arranged in said chamber, and conductors connecting the insulated means of the ionization chamber with both the switching means, the electric current source and the indicating instrument. p

7. Apparatus for measuring Rntgen rays, comprising a casing, an electric current source, an indicating instrument, and a pole changing over switch, all these parts arranged in said casing, an ionization chamber conductively connected by a flexible hose to the casing, a pair of conducting plates arranged in said ionization chamber and insulated l from each other and from said chamber, and conductors connecting the insulated plates and the chamber with the electric current source, the changing over switch and the indicating instrument, and a ground connection for one pole of the current source and for the casing.

8. Apparatus for measuring Rntgen rays, comprising a casing, an electric current source, an indicating I, instrument, a pole changing over switch, and a single pole switch, all these parts arranged in said casing, an ionization chamber connected conductively by a ieXible'hose to the casing, a pair of conducting plates arranged in said chamber and insulated from each other and from said chamber, one of said plates, which is positioned next to the source of the rays to be tested, with the indicating instrument and with the single pole switch, and the second conducting plate with the lever of the switch, and ground connections for one' pole of the current source and for the casing.

In testimony' whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

KARL BANGERT. Witnesses WOLDEMAR Ham, HENRY HASPER.

conductors connecting changing over l 

